Abstract
Sea surface fluctuation by the wind has an effect on the performance of underwater communication systems since it induces time-variant scattering. Such scattering gives the time spread and consequently the signal fading in the amplitude and phase of the transmitted signal. In this study, such signal fading is examined experimentally on the basis of frequency and temporal coherence variations under wind speeds of about 15–16 kn at a 15.5 m height from the sea level. The frequency coherence bandwidth of surface reflection scattered signals is found to be about 300 Hz at a 3 dB bandwidth. The mean coherence is about 0.9 for a grazing angle of 16° and at wind speed of 15–16 kn. The dominant coherence variation frequency is consistent with the dominant sea surface wave frequency.
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