Abstract
Freemartinism syndrome affects the reproductive system of heifers and other female ruminants as a result of the twin gestation of heterozygous individuals, which a process of early vascular anastomosis allows the exchange of blood cells and hormones in a common circulation between the two fetuses before their sexual differentiation. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on cases of intersexuality in cattle over the years, bringing together the studies and specifying the possible causes, formation, differentiation of the affected animals and the diagnostic methods available.
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