Fragmentation analysis of Z=112 –116 nuclei using a Skyrme energy density formalism within the collective clusterization approach

Abstract

The Skyrme energy density formalism is applied to address the capture cross sections of $_{112}^{286}\mathrm{Cn}^{*}$, $_{114}^{292}\mathrm{Fl}^{*}$, and $_{116}^{296}\mathrm{Lv}^{*}$ superheavy nuclei formed in $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}+\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{238}\mathrm{U},^{244}\mathrm{Pu},^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ reactions. The dynamics of $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$-induced reactions is investigated by including GSkI and SSk forces for the hot-optimum configurations of decay fragments. The neutron evaporation $(3n \mathrm{and} 4n)$, compound nucleus fission (CN fission) and quasifission (QF) cross sections are calculated with the application of both forces, but the GSkI force seems to be appropriate only for the neutron evaporation channels. However, by including SSk force various decay processes can be handled by including the only parameter of the model, called the neck length parameter $(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}R)$. The fragment mass distribution of $Z=112$--116 nuclei shows considerable modifications in the fission, symmetric quasifission $({\mathrm{QF}}_{\mathrm{sym}.})$ and asymmetric quasifission $({\mathrm{QF}}_{\mathrm{asym}.})$ regions with the inclusion of the SSk force as compared to analysis based on the density independent potentials. In addition to this, the role of ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}$ deformations and magic shell effects (around the Pb isotope) is scrutinized through the fragmentation behavior and preformation probability of $_{112}^{286}\mathrm{Cn}^{*}$, $_{114}^{292}\mathrm{Fl}^{*}$, and $_{116}^{296}\mathrm{Lv}^{*}$ nuclei. Finally, the distribution of the average total kinetic energy of fragments is calculated with the density dependent SSk force and compared with experimental data and earlier work based on the proximity potential.