Abstract
The fracture behavior of both strain-anneal grown and melt-grown tungsten single crystals of high purity was investigated in the temperature range of 77°K and room temperature. It was found that in the absence of surface defects and weak boundaries crystals of all orientations rupture at room temperature by thinning down to a knife edge. At 199°K a transition between rupture and cleavage fracture is observed in some orientations as a result of high strain concentrations at rupture notches. At 199°K and below twinning limits ductility by crack nucleation at the intersection of two twin bands with non-parallel twinning directions. It was observed also that interaction of non-coplanar twins of one family alone could give rise to cracks. The evidence is consistent with the formation of sub-critical size cracks before final fracture which have to await the fulfillment of a fracture propagation condition.
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