Fractional order sensor for measuring the quality of milk

Abstract

Abstract This work aims at development of nanostructuredAluminium oxide (Al2O3)constant phase impedance sensor (CPI) for detecting different adulterations added to the pure milk. The sensor was fabricated by depositing porous oxide film on the double-sided metal plated substrate. Porous film was fabricated by sol-gel technique and electrochemical anodization.The adulterated milk samples were prepared by adding impurities such as water, whey and urea in pure milk. The average pore size of the oxide film fabricated through anodization was larger in µm range than the pore size of the sensor fabricated by sol-gel technique in nm range.When the sensor was immersed in the ionic medium of milk samples, it showed constant phase behaviour over a certain frequency range but the phase angle changes due to change in the type of the milk samples. Experiments were conducted with the CPI sensor for different adulterated milk samples and the sensor fabricated with anodized oxide film show better performance for analysing the quality ofpure and adulterated milk. Further optimization of the pore morphology of the sensor is required for the usefulness of the sensor for detecting milk adulteration.