Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of main factors and interactions on the color removal performance from dye solutions using the electrocoagulation process enhanced by adsorption on Granular Activated Carbon (GAC). In this study, a mathematical approach was conducted using a two-level fractional factorial design (FFD) for a given dye solution. Three textile dyes: Acid Blue 74, Basic Red 1, and Reactive Black 5 were used. Experimental factors used and their respective levels were: current density (2.73 or 27.32 A/m2), initial pH of aqueous dye solution (3 or 9), electrocoagulation time (20 or 180 min), GAC dose (0.1 or 0.5 g/L), support electrolyte (2 or 50 mM), initial dye concentration (0.05 or 0.25 g/L) and current type (Direct Current—DC or Alternative Pulsed Current—APC). GAC-enhanced electrocoagulation performance was analyzed statistically in terms of removal efficiency, electrical energy, and electrode material consumptions, using modeling polynomial equations. The statistical significance of GAC dose level on the performance of GAC enhanced electrocoagulation and the experimental conditions that favor the process operation of electrocoagulation in APC regime were determined. The local optimal experimental conditions were established using a multi-objective desirability function method.
Highlights
The United Nations Organization and World Water Council forecasted in 2003 [1] a possible world water crisis, and the need for sustainable development goals was admitted
The aim of this study is to provide a better understanding of the phenomena occurring in a Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)-enhanced EC system applied for dye removal from aqueous solutions, as well as to statistically assess the effect of current types
The aqueous solutions containing the most refractory dye considered in this study, Reactive Black 5 decolorized the fastest
Summary
The United Nations Organization and World Water Council forecasted in 2003 [1] a possible world water crisis, and the need for sustainable development goals was admitted. Fresh and drinkable water is still used in processes where there is no need of high quality water, so wastewater recycling would be possible after appropriate treatment. Gupta Suhas [6] pinpointed the need of some systematized studies on separation/degradation processes of dyes, and the consideration of wastewater treatment at the source underlines the importance of developing technologies that are simple, reliable, adaptable and relatively cheap. In this way, an increasing interest has been shown in combining processes such as electrocoagulation, electro-oxidation, adsorption, ozonation [7] and reverse osmosis [8]
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