Abstract

In this survey paper, we analyze the development of Fractional Calculus in Russia at the end of the XIX century, in particular, the results by A. V. Letnikov, N. Ya. Sonine, and P. A. Nekrasov. Some of the discussed results are either unknown or inaccessible.

Highlights

  • It should be noted that Complex Analysis was traditionally highly developed discipline starting from Leonard Euler, who worked for a long period in Russia (1726–1741 and 1776–1783)

  • We describe the contribution of Alexey Vasil’evich Letnikov (1837–1888), Nikolai Yakovlevich Sonine (1849–1915), and Pavel Alekseevich Nekrasov (1853–1924) to Fractional Calculus and the role of these results in the modern Fractional Calculus and its Applications

  • Since it was shown that by integration by parts Formula (29) is reduced to the definition of the fractional derivative (28) without any auxiliary function, Letnikov concluded that the following alternative holds: either (1) there exists no auxiliary function of the above form, or (2) formula (29) cannot be taken as the general definition of fractional derivative of an arbitrary order

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Summary

Introduction

A deep analysis of the results on this subject was given in the article [2] by Letnikov. He recognized the basic role of Liouville’s approach. After contribution by Letnikov, the serious works on Fractional Calculus in Russia in the second part of the XIX century were published by N. Traditionally highly developed discipline starting from Leonard Euler, who worked for a long period in Russia (1726–1741 and 1776–1783) This part of Mathematical Analysis was essentially developed in the XIX century by M. We describe the contribution of Alexey Vasil’evich Letnikov (1837–1888), Nikolai Yakovlevich Sonine (1849–1915), and Pavel Alekseevich Nekrasov (1853–1924) to Fractional Calculus and the role of these results in the modern Fractional Calculus and its Applications

Liouville’s Approach and Its Analysis by Letnikov
Letnikov or Grünwald-Letnikov Derivative
Solution to Certain Differential Equations
Sonine-Letnikov Discussion
Sonine’s Fractional Derivative and Integral
Sonine Kernel and Sonine Integral Equations
Higher Order Hypergeometric Functions
Nekrasov’s Contribution to Fractional Calculus
Conclusions

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