Fractal Diagnostic Generalization of the Left Ventricular Cardiac Morphology: Moderate and Severe Abnormalities from Ventriculogram

Javier Rodríguez,Alejandro Salamanca,Catalina Correa,German Forero,Ricardo Cifuentes,Gydnea Aguirre,Yolanda Soracipa,Signed Prieto,Hebert Bernal

doi:10.11144/javeriana.umed59-1.gdfm

Javier Rodríguez, Alejandro Salamanca + Show 7 more

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https://doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.umed59-1.gdfm

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Journal: Universitas Médica	Publication Date: Feb 12, 2018
Citations: 2	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Military University Nueva Granada

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiac irregularity is adequately described by means of fractal geometry, which was the basis for the development of a diagnosis of the left ventriculogram. Methods: All possible permutations of similarity degrees from fractal dimensions were simulated for the ventricle in systole, diastole and the totality. Permutations were defined between the previously established minimum and maximum values of similarity degrees for moderate and severe abnormality. Results: The total number of ventricular prototypes between moderate and severe abnormality was established. The total number of possible ventricular structure prototypes is 1614: 794 ventricles with moderate abnormality and 820 with severe abnormality. Previous measurements of ventricles with a diagnosis of moderate and severe abnormality were found within the generalization. Conclusions: An objective geometric methodology was developed, which is of diagnostic aid in the clinical practice. It determined all possible left ventricular structures with moderate and severe abnormality, independently of clinical classifications.

Highlights

Cardiac irregularity is adequately described by means of fractal geometry, which was the basis for the development of a diagnosis of the left ventriculogram
Regions: These correspond to the left ventricle images obtained from the ventriculogram, observed as described below: Systole (S): the region corresponding to the image in systole
We found 794 possible theoretical permutations of degrees of similarity that are associated with ventricular geometric shapes with moderate abnormality, and 820 for severe abnormality

Summary

Introduction

Cardiac irregularity is adequately described by means of fractal geometry, which was the basis for the development of a diagnosis of the left ventriculogram. Conclusions: An objective geometric methodology was developed, which is of diagnostic aid in the clinical practice It determined all possible left ventricular structures with moderate and severe abnormality, independently of clinical classifications. The ventricular shape and function can be altered both in acute and chronic heart pathologies, such as acute or chronic heart failure [1,2], which, among others, has coronary disease as one of its main causes In this sense, diagnostic images of the ventricle obtained from the ventriculogram or the echocardiogram have been used to determine morphological and functional alterations. The morphological measurement of the left ventricle and its respective cavities has conventionally been carried out through linear Euclidean geometrical measurements that have allowed to classify the ventricular form as normal or with mild, moderate or severe abnormality [4]. The ejection fraction is mainly evaluated, which may correspond to the aforementioned classification, so that a normal ventricle will have an ejection fraction greater than 55%; a ventricle with mild abnormality will have an ejection fraction between 45% and 54%; moderate, between 30% and 44%; and severe, less than 30% [5]

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