Abstract
We investigate the Fourier coefficients $b_k(T)$ of the net--baryon number density in strongly interacting matter at nonzero temperature and density. The asymptotic behavior of the coefficients at large $k$ is determined by the singularities of the partition function in the complex chemical potential plane. Within a QCD-like effective chiral model, we show that the chiral and deconfinement properties at nonzero baryon chemical potential are reflected in characteristic $k$-- and $T$-- dependences of the Fourier coefficients. We also discuss the influence of the Roberge-Weiss transition on these coefficients. Our results indicate that the Fourier expansion approach can provide interesting insights into the criticality of QCD matter.
Highlights
Exploring the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at finite temperature and chemical potentials is a challenging problem in experimental and theoretical studies
Within a QCD-like effective chiral model, we show that the chiral and deconfinement properties at nonzero baryon chemical potential are reflected in characteristic k- and T-dependencies of the Fourier coefficients
In order to assess whether the cluster expansion model (CEM) exhibits any singularities that could provide insight into the critical behavior of QCD, we examine the analytical properties of the model
Summary
Exploring the phase diagram of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at finite temperature and chemical potentials is a challenging problem in experimental and theoretical studies. A Fourier expansion in imaginary μB can be applied to the partition function in order to study the properties, in particular the phase structure, of QCD at finite baryon density in the canonical ensemble [23,24,25,26]. The results are discussed in light of the Fourier expansion coefficients that were recently obtained in LQCD simulations at imaginary chemical potential for a wide range of temperatures around and above the chiral and deconfinement transitions [40].
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