Formy i sposoby sotsialnoho zakhystu viiskovosluzhbovtsiv v Ukraini

Abstract

This article focuses on elucidating current academic perspectives on the principal forms and methods of social protection for military personnel in Ukraine. Through an exploration and clarification of the concept of social protection for military personnel and an analysis of approaches to understanding the essence of its forms, the article formulates a definition of the concept of social protection forms for military personnel in Ukraine. These forms are conceptualized as well-established activity models for legal subjects, aligned with legal principles and stipulated by law. They are aimed at securing (in line with specific areas of social protection) an adequate level of social security for military personnel and, in certain cases, their family members. This is achieved by employing relevant methods and deploying suitable means within the defined framework of social protection for military personnel. Several specific features distinguish contemporary forms of social protection for military personnel in Ukraine. Firstly, these forms delineate the characteristics of activities aimed at ensuring an adequate level of social security for military personnel. Secondly, the objective of these forms of social protection is to establish conditions conducive to a socially secure existence for military personnel and, in certain instances, their family members within the ambit of the relevant area of social protection. Thirdly, these forms of social protection encompass the planning, organization, initiation, progression, and conclusion of specific legal relations pertaining to the social protection of military personnel. Fourthly, in Ukraine, the forms of social protection for military personnel are integrated into a comprehensive system comprising various types of social protection forms, each aligned with the principal areas of social protection. The author identifies the following principal forms of social protection for military personnel in Ukraine: the health and recreational form, the housing and living form, the labor law form, the material form, the pension form, and the social adaptation and rehabilitation form, among others. The methods of social protection for military personnel in Ukraine can be conceptualized as standard actions prescribed by law (and aligned with legal principles), employed through various techniques within established forms of social protection. These methods are instrumental in ensuring the state of social security for military personnel and, in some cases, their family members. Current Ukrainian legislation delineates several primary methods of social protection for military personnel, including social services, social assistance, and benefits. The article concludes by summarizing the research findings and suggesting future avenues for advancing scholarly understanding of the prevailing forms and methods of social protection for military personnel in Ukraine.