Abstract
Sunscreen is a product that protects the skin from the undesirable effects of the sun, and the active ingredients of physical sunscreen are the group that is often prioritized for use. Research is needed to formulate and evaluate the SPF index of physical sunscreens containing titanium dioxide and zinc oxide with the desire to develop a safe sunscreen product that provides high sunscreen effectiveness and meets consumer tastes. The cream is prepared through surveys evaluating the emulsification capacity of emulsifying excipients, oil-phase excipients, and the ratio of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. The optimal cream formulation was selected after assessing organoleptic sensation, physicochemical stability, pH, skin irritability, microbial limits, heavy metal limits, and SPF rating according to COLIPA guidelines. The results showed that the initial study successfully prepared a physical sunscreen containing 1% Span 80, 0.5% tween 80, 6% cetyl alcohol, 3% stearic acid, 9% titanium dioxide, and 1% zinc oxide. The resulting cream was smooth and homogeneous, had a pH of 6,did not cause irritation on rabbit skin, and had an SPF value of 26.1, creating a premise for the next studies.
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