FORMATION OF WEEDINESS OF THE WINTER WHEAT DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZER SYSTEM UNDER THE EXPERIENCE FIELD OF VNAU

Abstract

The article reflects the results of studying the features of the formation of the level of weediness of winter wheat agrocenosis with gradually increasing rates of nitrogen nutrition against the background of the recommended rates of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. A literature review of scientific sources on the impact of the level of mineral nutrition on the formation of segetal vegetation in winter wheat is carried out. The species and generic composition of weeds was determined taking into account various fertilizer options in quantitative and percentage values, on the basis of which a generalization with respect to the specifics of additional mineral nutrition from the standpoint of influencing the growth in the number of the most dominant species and genera of weeds was made. The effect of fertilizers on the indicators of quantitatively weighted weediness, which ultimately made it possible to formulate a useful interval for reducing the level of weediness by a certain interval for increasing the fertilizer rate is estimated. Based on the conducted studies, the specifics of the effect of fertilizers on ensuring the corresponding levels of competitive stress between winter wheat plants and weed plants are formulated. The nature of the species distribution of agrophytocenoses of winter wheat and weeds in the context of individual species by biological characteristics is determined. Fertilizer rate of 60 kg/ha d.r. in the conditions of our research, the Podolyanka variety can be marked as a landmark in the system of ensuring a sufficient level of cenotic tension, which determines the subsequent reduction of the weediness indicator with an increase in the rate of nitrogen mineral nutrition. Prospects for further research on the effect of mineral fertilizers on the options for modern fractional application to the main critical periods of winter wheat on the formation of weed levels against this background are outlined.