FORMATION OF MEDICAL STAFF OF THE PODILLIA REGION DURING THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1940’s – EARLY 1950’s OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

Abstract

Summary. The purpose of the article is to investigate the process of formation of medical personnel of the Podillia region in the postwar period. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematization, scientificity, verification, authorial objectivity, moderate narrative constructivism, as well as on the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special-historical (historical-genetic, historical-typological, historical-systemic) methods. The scientific novelty is that for the first time the peculiarities of the formation of medical staff of the Podillia region in the postwar period are studied, as well as the role of local medical schools in the training of highly qualified medical workers. Also, the author of the article for the first time introduces into scientific circulation a number of archival materials. Conclusions. Thus, the Podillia region is one of the regions of Ukraine that suffered the most from the Nazi occupation. All this had a negative impact on its industrial potential and demographic situation. The medical sphere of Podillya was especially affected. In the post-war period, the health care sector of the region was rapidly restored. An extremely positive result of changes in the post-war medical sphere of the Podillya regions was the spread of specialized medical care in rural areas, the association of hospitals and outpatient clinics in rural district centers made it possible to introduce specialization of medical staff in certain specialties substituting general practitioners. However, it was not enough to restore the full functioning of the medical sector in the region. At that time, the Podillia region faced an acute shortage of medical workers: doctors, paramedics, nurses, etc. During the second half of the 1940s and the beginning of the 1950s, the problem of forming qualified medical staff for medical educational institutions in the region was generally solved. We should note here the huge post-war labor enthusiasm of the inhabitants of the Podillia region, thanks to which it was possible to solve the shortage of medical personnel in the region within the shortest possible time. Among medical institutions, a special place is occupied by the Vinnytsia Medical Institute, which, thanks to the efforts of both faculty and students, has become not only a powerful educational alley of the research institution of Podillia. All this in general contributed to the training of highly qualified medical personnel. As for the policy of the Soviet government in this area, to encourage the success of students in education and work, it used the so-called extra-economic factors, the most common of which was the organization of socialist competitions both between medical schools and within them between student groups, faculties, etc.