Formation of heavy neutron-rich nuclei by Ca48 -induced multinucleon transfer reactions

Abstract

The reaction systems $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+^{238}\mathrm{U}$ and $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ are investigated within the improved dinuclear system model+GEMINI++. The theoretical results show that the distributions of isotopes in the $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+^{238}\mathrm{U}$ reaction are well described with the model. For the $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ reaction, the model partly describes well the experimental production cross sections. Experimental and theoretical data from multinucleon transfer reactions indicate that the isotopic distributions of the $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+^{238}\mathrm{U}$ reaction system above Pb are shifted toward the neutron-rich side as compared to the $^{136}\mathrm{Xe}+^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ reaction except the isotopic distribution of Bi.