Abstract
BackgroundNanoemulsions have practical application in a multitude of commercial areas, such as the chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Cosmetic industries use rice bran oil in sunscreen formulations, anti ageing products and in treatments for skin diseases. The aim of this study was to create rice bran oil nanoemulsions using low energy emulsification methods and to evaluate their physical stability, irritation potential and moisturising activity on volunteers with normal and diseased skin types.ResultsThe nanoemulsion developed by this phase diagram method was composed of 10% rice bran oil, 10% surfactants sorbitan oleate/PEG-30 castor oil, 0.05% antioxidant and 0.50% preservatives formulated in distilled water. The nanoemulsion was stable over the time course of this study. In vitro assays showed that this formulation has a low irritation potential, and when applied to human skin during in vivo studies, the nanoemulsion improved the skin's moisture and maintained normal skin pH values.ConclusionThe results of irritation potential studies and in vivo assessments indicate that this nanoemulsion has potential to be a useful tool to treat skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
Highlights
Nanoemulsions have practical application in a multitude of commercial areas, such as the chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries
Where ω is defined as the rate of change of the cube of the number average radius, D is the diffusion coefficient of the dispersed oil phase in the aqueous phase, g is the interfacial tension between the two phases, c∞ is the bulk solubility of the oil in the water and r is the oil density. k is a constant that has the value of 8/9 in the Lifshitz-Slezov and Wagner theory (LSW)
All emulsions were prepared according the Emulsion Phase Inversion (EPI) method, where the water and oil phases were heated separately at 75°C, the water phase was added into the oil phase while stirring at 600 rpm (Fisatom, 713-Dmodel, Brazil), and the mixture was cooled to 25°C while stirring
Summary
Nanoemulsions have practical application in a multitude of commercial areas, such as the chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The aim of this study was to create rice bran oil nanoemulsions using low energy emulsification methods and to evaluate their physical stability, irritation potential and moisturising activity on volunteers with normal and diseased skin types. Nanoemulsions are well characterised and are a promising drug delivery system with practical applications for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industry applications. They have been used in intravenous, oral and ocular drug administrations and have reduced drug side effects and improved the pharmacological effects of the drugs given [8,9,10,4]. This work focuses on the latter method for nanoemulsion synthesis
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