Formation and disruption of bonds between caregivers and institutionalized children.

Ruth Irmgard Bärtschi Gabatz,Viviane Marten Milbrath,Marilu Correa Soares,Eda Schwartz,Celmira Lange,Hudson Cristiano Wander de Carvalho

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0844

Ruth Irmgard Bärtschi Gabatz, Viviane Marten Milbrath + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0844

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Abstract

to understand the perspective of caregivers about the formation and disruption of bonds with institutionalized children. a qualitative research that used as a theoretical framework the Attachment Theory and the Symbolic Interactionism, and the Grounded Theory as methodological framework. Participating in the study were 15 female caregivers of children aged zero to three years, from a child care institution in the south of Brazil, from April to July 2015. three categories were elaborated: "Experiencing the formation of bond and attachment"; "Disrupting with the established bonds and detaching"; "Learning how to work with formation and disruption of bond". we need to think of ways to minimize the negative effects formation and disruption of bonds. In this sense, active listening and the offer of psychological support favor the sharing of experiences and the emotional strengthening of the female caregivers.

Highlights

METHODAttachment behavior is referred to as the approximation or permanence with the significant person
This study presents an in-depth analysis of the subcategory “Attaching and detaching”, which is part of the process of construction of the theoretical model “Perceiving work/care with institutionalized children”
In the observations, several moments of bond and attachment between female caregivers and children were identified. These could be perceived by the exchange of looks between female caregivers and children; for the love between them; when the child calls for a female caregiver and the latter attends to him/her; when female caregivers sanitize, feed and play with children, guiding them as to how to act with each other

Summary

Introduction

METHODAttachment behavior is referred to as the approximation or permanence with the significant person. Its development, based on the formation of affective bonds, is essential for the mental health of human beings, and there is a strong correlation between a child’s standard attachment and that of care received[1]. In this context, the adult personality is the result of the person’s interactions with certain key figures, especially attachment figures, during their childhood and adolescence[2]. It is important to understand and identify how characteristic determinants of caregiver-child interaction and attachment styles can put children at risk for subsequent significant life changes[4]

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