Abstract
Internet of things (IoT) is playing a major role in smart cities to make a digital environment. Traffic congestion is a serious road issue because of an increasing number of vehicles in urban areas. Some crucial traffic problems include accidents and traffic jams that cause waste of fuel, health diseases, and a waste of time. Present traffic signaling systems are not efficient in resolving congestion problems because of the lack of traffic signals. Nowadays, traffic signaling systems are modeled with fixed time intervals in which no proper mechanism for emergency vehicles is available. Such traffic mechanisms failed to deal with traffic problems effectively. The major objective is to establish a robust traffic monitoring and signaling system that improves signal efficiency by providing a responsive scheme; appropriate routes; a mechanism for emergency vehicles and pedestrians in real-time using Vienna Development Method Specification Language (VDM-SL) formal method and graph theory. A formal model is constructed by considering objects, such as wireless sensors and cameras that are used for collecting information. Graph theory is used to represent the network and find appropriate routes. Unified Modeling Language is used to design the system requirements. The graph-based framework is converted into a formal model by using VDM-SL. The model has been validated and analyzed using many facilities available in the VDM-SL toolbox.
Highlights
Traffic congestion has become a serious issue in large cities in terms of social, economic and environment impact
Most traffic signaling systems are modeled with fixed time intervals in which no proper mechanism of emergency vehicles and safe crossing of pedestrians is provided at the signals
This paper presents the responsive time of primary vehicles at every signal to save time and fuel
Summary
Information to collection and vehicle detection can be performed using WSANs. Formal are math-based technologies, and tools that can below applied because of itsmethods advantages in wireless languages, distribution, flexibility without cables, and ento any part of the program lifewireless cycle. The use of sensor networks can solve many difficulties trafsystems by providing an systems abstract and description of the function of theofmechanism. WSANs, the communication one interExpressions used in formal methods are called formal specification languages. Formal section to another intersection about road information will be provided with a group of regular languages are based on set theory and first-order predicate computation. WSANs work along with different nodes to perform mullanguage formal semantics that can be used traffic, to express specification in a clear tiple tasks has for collecting information, monitoring andaanalyzing collected dataand at unambiguous specification. The formal specification of the developed model is defined using the VDM-SL lanIn this work, different notations and symbols of the VDM-SL are used like composite
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