Abstract
Abstract The study examines ways in which different models of land ownership and policies in Tanzania affect people’s environmental conservation practices. Another purpose is to examine what effects can be seen in the forest environment as a result of different ownership models and management practices. Furthermore, it adds to the research on the role of local people versus the state in various natural resources management systems. The traditional responsibility of local communities in Tanzania for their environment has been eroded by various factors: nullification of their conservation methods, exclusion of local people from mainstream decision making and management of natural resources, and ambiguity of land ownership during the colonial and socialist eras. As misuse became common, pilot projects on alternative management methods were started. As a result of their success, the Tanzanian parliament decided to return management rights and give ownership rights to the local communities.
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