FORENSIC-MEDICAL ANALYSIS OF GUNSHOT INJURIES ACCORDING TO EXPERT CASES

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One of the important aspects of war crimes is murders caused by firearms, which necessitates a comprehensive forensic analysis of such injuries. The aim of the study. To conduct a comprehensive forensic assessment of expert cases with gunshot injuries, involving computer modeling techniques, appropriate statistical tools with the establishment of correlations between the parameters under study. Materials and methods. As research materials, we collected, analyzed and processed 45 expert cases with gunshot injuries that were in the work of the departments of forensic medical examination of corpses and departments of forensic medical criminalistic of regional bureaus of forensic medical examination of various regions of Ukraine in the period from 2020 to 2024. Forensic medical analysis of the collected cases was carried out using morphometric methods, computer modeling, descriptive statistics methods, comparative analysis and establishing correlations. Results. The main number of injured men falls on the 1st and 2nd periods of mature (80%) and youthful (17.8%) age. The majority of fatal injuries (68.9%) were caused by shots from firearms to the head; of all gunshot wounds, 64.4% were single, and 88.9% were penetrating and in the vast majority of cases (69.0%) were caused by an unidentified weapon. The average length of the wound channel in the body of the victims according to forensic medical examinations was 21.5±0.61 cm. The dimensions of the wound channel in its middle part are twice as large as those in its initial part and 1.6 times larger than those in its final part, and the dimensions of the initial gunshot wounds are on average three times larger than those in the input ones. Conclusions. An increase in the caliber of the bullet directly affects the increase in the size of the tissue defect, the width of the deposition ring, and the diameters of the middle and final parts of the wound channel. At the same time, the increase in bullet mass directly affects the increase in the diameter of the entrance wound, tissue defect, width of the deposition ring, diameters of the wound channel in its initial, middle and final parts.