Abstract
Phylogenetic analyses of foot-and-mouth disease type A viruses in the Middle East during 2015–2016 identified viruses belonging to the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage, which originated in the Indian subcontinent. Changes in a critical antigenic site within capsid viral protein 1 suggest possible evolutionary pressure caused by an intensive vaccination program.
Highlights
Phylogenetic analyses of foot-and-mouth disease type A viruses in the Middle East during 2015–2016 identified viruses belonging to the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage, which originated in the Indian subcontinent
We report foot-and-mouth disease in the Middle East during 2015–2016 caused by an A/ASIA/G-VII virus lineage
Potential movement of G-VII FMD virus (FMDV) lineages from the Indian subcontinent might be dated to October 2014 (95% HPD January 2014–February 2015)
Summary
Phylogenetic analyses of foot-and-mouth disease type A viruses in the Middle East during 2015–2016 identified viruses belonging to the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage, which originated in the Indian subcontinent. Despite the low number of outbreaks investigated, emergence of a capsid viral protein (VP) 3 deletion variant, VP59, was reported in the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage during 2002 [4]. A group of viruses described as clade C, a subgroup within the VP359-deletion variant, is speculated to be the dominant group of the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage prevalent in India [2].
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