Food strategy of Kazakhstan: assessment of current trends

Abstract

The goal is to identify the problems of food supply in the country, development of a set of measures aimed at improving the efficiency of agricultural production. Along with the principles of dialectical approach to this study, its methodological basis is the following methods – monographic, scientific abstraction, statistical, principles of complexity, consistency. Results – the author's interpretation of the concept "food security" from economic point of view is given. The types and criteria of food supply, predetermined by the potential and possibility of competition of domestic producers in regional and international markets, are substantiated, indicators of the nutritional and energy value of food consumed by twenty percent groups of the population of Kazakhstan, production of meat products in the EAEU (farms of all categories), resources of certain types of food and raw materials for socially significant goods are considered. The priority directions of the state policy in solving the food issue, improving the level and quality of life of the population of the republic in the future are shown. Conclusions – the authors proposed ways to resolve the food situation. To reduce import dependence and increase domestic production, it is necessary to modernize the material and technical base, create effective clusters based on the unification of small producers into medium and large enterprises, rational use of agricultural land, and effective state support. It is important to note that Kazakhstani agricultural producers have sufficient capabilities to produce competitive products. The strategic objective of the implementation of food programs is to guarantee access to the population of the country to food products in the range and volumes necessary and sufficient according to physiological norms of consumption. The guarantee of its achievement is the stability of predominantly domestic food and raw materials, as well as the availability of the necessary reserves, including reserve funds. Pig breeding, due to its high profitability and rapid turnover of funds, is one of the promising areas for the development of agricultural sector of Kazakhstan.