Abstract
The encapsulation of antioxidant resveratrol, genistein, and curcumin by folic acid-chitosan nanoparticles was studied in aqueous solution, using multiple spectroscopic methods, TEM images and modeling. Structural analysis showed that polyphenol bindings are via hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and H-bonding contacts with resveratrol forming more stable conjugates. As chitosan size increased, the binding efficacy and stability of polyphenol-polymer adducts were increased. Polyphenol binding induced major alterations of chitosan morphology. Folic acid-chitosan nanoparticles are capable of delivering polyphenols in vitro.
Highlights
Despite the health benefits associated with polyphenols, the bioavailability of many polyphenols limits their effects [1,2]
TEM micrographs show that free chitosan and folic acid-chitosan conjugates show markedly different shape depending on its sphericalshaped size (Figures 1A and B) with smooth surface and narrow size distribution of about 90 nm [25,26]
An increase of the spherical-shaped aggregates can be seen from TEM micrograph, suggesting that the spherical shapes were lost in favor of less spherical-shaped in the polyphenol–folic acid-chitosan aggregates (Figures 1B-1E)
Summary
Despite the health benefits associated with polyphenols, the bioavailability of many polyphenols limits their effects [1,2]. The encapsulation of resveratrol, genistein, and curcumin with folic acid-chitosan nano capsules is reported, using multiple spectroscopic methods, TEM analysis and molecular modeling. The morphology of the polyphenol with folic acid-chitosan conjugates was monitored in aqueous solution at pH 7.2, using transmission electron microscopy. The shapes of free chitosan and folic acid-chitosan conjugates with their polyphenol complexes are shown in the TEM images (Figure 1).
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