Abstract
Current research on the neuroprotective regulatory mechanism of folic acid (FA) is limited to a single DNA methylation pathway. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of FA on memory-impaired mice and its molecular mechanism. This study explored the preventive function of FA in enhancing memory impairment in scopolamine-induced mice using behavioral tests, histological staining techniques, Fourier transform infrared microscopy, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting. We found that FA improved behavioral performance, ameliorated oxidative stress, repaired neuronal damage in hippocampal CA1, CA3 regions and increased the number of Nissl body, increased unsaturated lipid levels, and activated long-term potentiation (LTP) pathway (p-CaMKII, p-CREB, BDNF) and synaptic plasticity (PSD95, Syn) in mice, which indicated that FA mitigates scopolamine-induced memory impairment by suppressing oxidative stress, upregulating the LTP pathway, and enhancing unsaturated lipid levels. These results suggested a preventive and dose-dependent effect of folic acid on memory impairment.
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