Focus of Attention in Decision Support Systems.

Abstract

Abstract : In this paper we have described three decision support systems with graphical user interfaces. We have illustrated that interactions with such systems can be improved with the addition of natural language interfaces. NLIs can be added to systems after the initial develop- development phase without loss of functionality. Furthermore we have shown that a hybrid natural language and graphical user interface with multi-modal capability improves access to decision aids more than either one independently. We have also shown that natural language interfaces can help a user maintain his focus of attention in complex situations. A natural language interface to a decision support system has a number of important advantages. A natural language interface is especially useful in recognizing what the user is thinking about at the time of interaction, i.e. identifying the user's focus of attention. It provides a way for the user to maintain focus on his problem without distraction. A natural languages interpreter can access the system for the user and assemble a relevant, well-focused response. A NLI allows the user flexibility of expression. This is important if the user does not know how to say what he intends in the GUI format. NLIs can handle complex focus spaces since focus is readily conveyed through natural language. In fact, natural language may be the only way it can be readily handled. Finally, and importantly, natural language interfaces can handle a user's counterfactual thinking. Because of the complexity and power anticipated in next generation decision support systems, natural language interface technology warrants a closer look. It can serve to help the user manage complex and quantitatively massive amounts of information in a natural and easily-easily expressible way. (KAR) p. 16