Abstract
High torque density is a desirable feature of electrical machines used in traction applications, such as electric vehicle (EV)/hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) propulsion, wind turbines, more electric aircrafts, etc. The flux-modulated permanent magnet (FMPM) machine is considered as one of the most promising candidates to achieve high torque density. The incorporated gearing effect is ideal in reducing the rotating speed and amplifying the output torque of the FMPM machines. This paper aims at a comprehensive review of the topology evolution of the FMPM machines. Based on different structures, the FMPM machines are grouped into four categories: surface-type FMPM machines, spoke-type FMPM machines, partitioned stator FMPM machines, and bidirectional FMPM machines. The operating principles, advantages, drawbacks, and major applications of the FMPM machines are discussed in detail. In the end, the current state of the art, opportunities, challenges, and future trends of the FMPM machines are discussed. Therefore, this paper offers a systematic guidance on the selection and design of the FMPM machines.
Highlights
With increasing concerns on environmental pollution and energy shortage, electrical machines have been widely used in traction applications, such as electric vehicle (EV)/hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) propulsion [1], wind turbines [2], drones [3], and more electric aircrafts [4,5,6]
flux-modulated permanent magnet (FMPM) machines with the permanent magnet (PM)’s surface mounted on the rotor or the stator teeth are discussed, which are referred as surface-type FMPM machines
Investigated using the classical permeance function in [17], and the results indicated that the surface Vernier PM (SVPM) machine can achieve two to three times back electromotive force (EMF) and torque of the conventional PM machine with the same volume
Summary
With increasing concerns on environmental pollution and energy shortage, electrical machines have been widely used in traction applications, such as electric vehicle (EV)/hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) propulsion [1], wind turbines [2], drones [3], and more electric aircrafts [4,5,6]. The design principle is that the pole-pairs field, and to achieve efficient torque transmission . FMPM machines is toincrease further the increase the torque The denincorporated gearing effect is effective in increasing rotor pole-pairs, reducing rotor speed, sity. The incorporated gearing effect is effective in increasing rotor pole-pairs, reducing and amplifying output torque. The current research on FMPM machines mainly focuses on rotor speed, and amplifying output torque. Grouped into four types in this paper, which are surface-type FMPM machines, The working principle, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of these four types spoke-type FMPM machines, partitioned stator FMPM (PS-FMPM) machines, and bidiof FMPM machines are discussed from Sections 2–5. By connecting the outer rotor of a PM machine with the inner rotor of a magnetic gear to form an integrated rotor, the output torque of the PM machine can be amplified directly by
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