Abstract
The present study evaluated the effect of NaF and CPP-ACP/NaF varnishes to reduce erosion produced by soft drink (SD) combined or not with pediatric liquid medicine. Enamel specimens were pre-treated with fluoride varnish, according to the following groups: NaF varnish (Duraphat®) or CPP-ACP/NaF varnish (MI varnishTM). Two types of erosive cycles were made: by soft drink erosion (SDE) or by pediatric liquid medicine plus soft drink erosion (PLM/SDE). Bovine enamel specimens were randomly assigned in six groups (n=10): G1=NaF + SDE; G2=CPP-ACP/NaF + SDE; G3=Distilled and deionized (DD) water + SDE; G4=NaF + PLM/SDE; G5=CPP-ACP/NaF + PLM/SDE and G6=DD water + PLM/SDE. Before treatments, the sample surface was divided in two areas (unexposed area-UA and exposed area-EA). The specimens were evaluated by 3D non-contact profilometry technique to determinate tooth structure loss (TSL) and surface roughness (Sa). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was also performed. After SDE, G2 presented the lowest TSL values compared to G3 (p=0.008). G1 and G2 did not differ between them (p=0.203) and no groups differed among them despite Sa. Regarding TSL and Sa, G4 and G5 differed from G6 (p=0.0001), but not between them (p=1.00). Examining 3D and SEM images, the greatest differences between UA and EA were observed for G3 and G6. CPP-ACP/NaF varnish seems to be a promising treatment to reduce enamel loss from the erosion produced by a soft drink. Both varnishes also showed capacity to reduce TSL and Sa after erosion by soft drink combined to pediatric liquid medicine.
Highlights
Dental erosion is the dissolution of teeth minerals by acids with no bacteria involvement
Evaluating the PLM/soft drink erosion (SDE) challenge results, regarding tooth structure loss (TSL) and surface roughness (Sa), both G4 and G5 did not differ between them (p=1.00), but differed statistically from G6 (p=0.0001)
The irreversible loss of tooth tissue by exogenous or endogenous acids is characteristic of dental erosion
Summary
Dental erosion is the dissolution of teeth minerals by acids with no bacteria involvement. The chemical wear results in a roughened structure and the loss of tissue that may appear like a visible defect on dental surface [1,2]. Dental erosion has a high prevalence, mainly among children and adolescents [3] and it has extrinsic or intrinsic causes [4]. The extrinsic causes include consumption of acidic foods or drinks and use of acidic medicines or acidic hygiene products [5]. Some of inactive acidic components have low pH [5,7] and because of the high frequency of medication intake, bedtime consumption, high viscosity and reduction of the salivary flow, it may be associated with alterations on surface morphology of dental enamel [5]
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