Abstract
Background Maintenance of the tonicity of extracellular fluids is crucial for proper cell function. In children and adults, normal blood tonicity is maintained by a coordinated interaction among the thirst, vasopressin, and renal systems. Dysfunction in any of these systems can result in abnormal regulation of blood osmolality, which if not properly recognized and treated, may cause life-threatening dysfunction in neuronal and other cellular activities. The aim of this study is to increased awareness on the possibility of fluid and electrolyte imbalance in patients with intracranial abnormality.
Highlights
Maintenance of the tonicity of extracellular fluids is crucial for proper cell function
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance related to intracranial abnormality
Identification and treatment of these condition will reduce morbidity and mortality associated with fluid and electrolyte imbalance and increase overall treatment outcome
Summary
Maintenance of the tonicity of extracellular fluids is crucial for proper cell function. Normal blood tonicity is maintained by a coordinated interaction among the thirst, vasopressin, and renal systems. The aim of this study is to increased awareness on the possibility of fluid and electrolyte imbalance in patients with intracranial abnormality. In the CSW patients, serum sodium level was quite low, reached 110 mEq/L, manifest as seizure, and unresponsive to rapid sodium corrections. In these patients, the urine gravity was normal and urine sodium excretion was>140 mEq/L. The urine gravity was normal and urine sodium excretion was>140 mEq/L None of these patients had specific signs of CSW. We increased sodium intake up to 10 mEq/kg/day and maintained the fluid balance to prevent dehydration. Four of 5 patients outcomes were good, but one patient died due to multiorgan failure associated with main disease
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