Abstract
A wind-tunnel investigation has been conducted to study the flow field induced by three-dimensional protuberances of transonic Mach numbers. Test results for 2-, 4-, and 8-in. diam cylindrical protuberances is discussed. The range of test variables consisted of protuberance heights from zero to 2 diameters, free-stream Mach numbers from 0.60 to 1.60, and unit Reynolds numbers from 1.5 to 4.5 million per foot. Fluctuating-pressure measurements are presented in the form of over-all rms fluctuating pressure coefficients, pressure spectra, cross-pressure spectra, and narrow-band convection velocities. From static- and fluctuating-pressure measurements and oil-flow patterns, the structure of the perturbed flow field has been defined. One of the most significant findings is that the upstream separated flow field induced by three-dimensional protuberances consists of a complex, multiple-vortex system, which generates fluctuating pressures on order of magnitude greater than those observed in two-dimensional separated flows. The extreme fluctuating pressures encountered within the three-dimensional separated flow field are attributed to the shear interaction of two major vortices within the separated region.
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