Abstract

Experiments designed to simulate cutting when the depth of removal is less than the cutting edge radius reveal that a “dead-metal” cap forms in the wedge-shaped space between the cutting edge and the workpiece surface. This is distinctly different to the mechanism proposed elsewhere to account for observations made when cutting under normal conditions i.e. when the depth of the removed layer is large compared to the cutting edge radius. The present paper establishes that notwithstanding observations made during these simulated cutting experiments, events observed in normal cutting are entirely consistent with a mechanism in which a thin layer of workpiece material is first extruded below the tool and subsequently recovers elastically thus establishing contact between the workpiece and a portion of the tool clearance face.

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