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Abstract
The geochemical characterization of thirteen Serra Geral Group flows in the Vista Alegre region (RS-SC), southern Brazil, displays the homogeneous basaltic composition near 50 wt.% SiO2. Each of the five basal flows (Pitanga-type, high-Ti/Y ~600, TiO2 > 3 wt.%) and eight upper flows (Paranapanema-type, medium Ti/Y ~400, TiO2 > 2 wt.%) can be identified from their chemical composition; sets of flows have parallel variation in chemical composition. The flow-by-flowcorrelation in four sections shows the horizontal position of the flows in three profiles and an approximately 200-m downdrop of the Itapiranga block with respect to the Frederico Westphalen block. The world-class amethyst geode mineralization and the systematic presence of native copper in the basalts make the correlation of great geological and economic significance.
Highlights
The Paraná volcanic province is one of the largest continental flood basalt associations in the world
Flow-by-flow stratigraphy is established for thirteen basalt flows in the Vista Alegre region
The stratigraphy of flows indicates that the Itapiranga block on the right bank of Rio Uruguay was down-faulted approximately 200 m with respect to the Frederico Westphalen block
Summary
The Paraná volcanic province is one of the largest continental flood basalt associations in the world. The Serra Geral Group includes all Paraná volcanic province lava flows (Wildner et al in press) This large igneous province covers an extensive area in southeastern South America, with minor Etendeka remnants in Namibia on the African plate, originally a single magmatic province (Bellieni et al 1984). This mantle-derived magmatism was closely associated with the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean under the thermal influence of the Tristan plume in the Lower Cretaceous (Peate et al 1992, Turner et al 1999)
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