Abstract
The present study dealt with the exploration and documentation of the floristic composition and phyto-diversity of Sitakunda Eco-park, Chittagong, Bangladesh. A total of 412 vascular plant species under 315 genera belonging to 94 plant families have been recorded from the study area during February, 2013 to April, 2015. Out of these recorded taxa, 330 were dicotyledons, 62 were monocotyledons, 5 were gymnosperms and 15 were pteridophytes. Among those, the maximum 144 species belonged to herbs followed by 138, 75 and 55 species as trees, shrubs and climbers, respectively. The species composition among the plant families varied in plant groups. In dicotyledonous group, Euphorbiaceae appeared to be the largest family with 35 species, whereas Poaceae showed the largest family containing 30 species among monocotyledonous group. The highest values of both Shannon-Weiner and Simpson diversity indices have been observed as 3.82 and 0.98, respectively to site D during monsoon season, whereas the lowest values 3.19 and 0.95, respectively of these indices were recorded in site A during summer season.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 5(1): 29-45, 2016 (June)
Highlights
Bangladesh is located between 20 25 to 26 38 North latitude and 88 01 to 92 42 East longitude with an area of about 14.4 million hectares (BBS, 1997)
All plant specimens collected from the study area were identified through consulting the experts and matching with relevant voucher specimens preserved at Jahangirnagar University Herbarium (JUH) and Bangladesh National Herbarium (DACB), taxonomic descriptions and keys available in the relevant literatures (Prain, 1903b; Hooker, 1973; Wu et al, 2003; Siddiqui, 2007a, b; Ahmed, 2008a, b, c, d; Ahmed, 2009a, b; and type images available in the websites of different international herbaria)
Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index: H = - pi ln pi where, pi is the proportion of individuals or the abundance of the ith species expressed as a proportion of total cover, ln is Log basen
Summary
Bangladesh is located between 20 25 to 26 38 North latitude and 88 01 to 92 42 East longitude with an area of about 14.4 million hectares (BBS, 1997). Due to its unique geo-physical location Bangladesh is exceptionally characterized by a rich biological diversity (Nishat et al, 2002; Hossain, 2001; Barua et al, 2001; Chowdhury, 2001) which harbored approximately 5,000 species of angiosperms (Khan, 1977). Few research works on the Sitakunda area were conducted (Alam, 2001; Rahman & Uddin, 1997; Misbahuzzaman & Alam, 2006; Shamsuddoha & Nasir, 2005 etc.). Most of these works covered in the fields of taxonomy, forestry, tourism and management aspects. The present research on floristic composition and phyto-diversity status of Sitakunda ecopark has been conducted with a view to prepare a comprehensive checklist of vascular plants with their distribution and seasonal fluctuation as well as to assess phyto-diversity status which will help to prepare a plan for sustainable management and eco-friendly conservation of the Sitakunda ecopark
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