Floral visitors of canola (Brassica napus L.) hybrids in Cerrado Mineiro region, Brazil

Leandro Fuzaro,Laíce Souza Rabelo,Fabio Janoni Carvalho,Stephan Malfitano Carvalho,Vanessa Andaló,Flávia Andrea Nery Silva

doi:10.1590/1808-1657001312018

Leandro Fuzaro, Laíce Souza Rabelo + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657001312018

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to verify floral visitors of canola in the Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A completely randomized plot design with two hybrids and 10 replicates was used, totaling 20 plots. The survey of floral visitors was made during 10 days. Faunal analyses of the collected species were performed based on frequency, constancy, dominance, and diversity. A total of 2,676 individuals belonging to 13 species of bees of two families (Apidae and Halictidae) were collected. The diversity index found among hybrids was similar (1.28 in hybrid 61 and 1.50 in hybrid 433). The species Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Paratrigona lineata (Lepeletier, 1836) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), and Trigona spinipes (Fabricius, 1793) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were the most abundant and constant in the crops during all the evaluated days for both hybrids. So, it is important that efforts be made to conserve natural areas close to crops in order to provide resources for the permanence of floral visitors in the area.

Highlights

Canola (Brassica napus L.) is a plant of the cruciferous family and is resultant of a genetic improvement of rapeseed (EMBRAPA, 2011)
Studies demonstrate that the presence of pollinating insects, especially Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), through its foraging behavior in flowers, can significantly increase the yield indices of this crop (DELAPLANE; MAYER, 2000; SABBAHI Et al., 2005; ABROL, 2007)
In relation to the insect sampling in the two canola hybrids, 2,676 individuals belonging to 13 bee species of two families (Apidae and Halictidae) were collected

Summary

Introduction

Canola (Brassica napus L.) is a plant of the cruciferous family and is resultant of a genetic improvement of rapeseed (EMBRAPA, 2011). It is an autogamous plant, with an alogamy rate of more than 20%, nectariferous and polliniferous, and is frequently visited by pollinating insects (TOMM et al, 2009). These are attracted mainly by the nectar produced by the floral nectaries, two in each pair of long stamens and two in the inner part of the short stamens (MUSSURY; FERNANDES, 2000). The vast majority does not have flowers as their only source of food and the visits occur in isolated moments (FREITAS; PAXTON, 1998)

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