Floral Induction of Longan (Dimocarpus longan) by Potassium Chlorate: Application, Mechanism, and Future Perspectives.

Shilian Huang,Dongliang Guo,Jianguang Li,Dongmei Han,Jing Wang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.670587

Shilian Huang, Dongliang Guo + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.670587

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Abstract

Longan (Dimocarpus longan L.) is one of the most important tropical and subtropical fruits in the world. Longan fruit has high nutritional and medical value, and is regarded as a treasure among fruits. Since it was first reported that potassium chlorate (KClO3) could be successfully applied to promote flowering in longan, this compound has been widely used in the production of on-season and off-season longan fruits. KClO3 has thus played a great role in promoting the development of the longan industry. In this review, we summarize the application methods, influencing factors, and physiological and molecular mechanisms associated with KClO3-mediated induction of longan flowering. It can be deduced that leaves may play a crucial role in the transport of and response to KClO3. Leaves supply carbon and nitrogen nutrition, and hormone and signaling molecules needed for the differentiation of apical buds. Moreover, cytokinins may be crucial for KClO3-mediated induction of longan flowering. More effort should be focused on studying the molecular mechanisms underlying this process. This will not only help us to better understand floral induction by KClO3 in longan but also enrich our understanding of flowering regulation mechanisms in woody plants.

Highlights

Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) is an important tropical and subtropical fruit tree that belongs to the Sapindaceae family (Lai et al, 2000)
By analyzing the results of previous studies, it can be inferred that in longan, leaves are the main plant organs that respond to KClO3 treatment
KClO3 treatment can lead to changes in leaf hormone contents

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) is an important tropical and subtropical fruit tree that belongs to the Sapindaceae family (Lai et al, 2000). China has the largest planting area and highest yield of longan, followed by Thailand, Vietnam, India, and South Africa. These five countries produce ninety percent longan (Food and Agriculture Organization, 2014; Wang et al, 2015). Shading has been shown to inhibit the export of indoleacetic acid (IAA) out of the shoot apical buds, the leaf export of iP/iPA- and Z/ZRtype CKs, and CK accumulation in shoot apical buds In this way, shading can prevent FI by KClO3 treatment (Sritontip et al, 2008; Sringarm et al, 2009a; Ongprasert et al, 2010). Weather conditions can affect KClO3-mediated FI; the lowest flowering percentage (11.9%– 50.9%) occurs in rainy seasons, and higher flowering percentage (77.5–88.6%) in cool and hot seasons (Manochai et al, 2005)

APPLICATION METHODS

Findings

CONCLUSION