FLORA OF THE COASTAL ZONENORTH-EASTERN CASPIAN REGION

Abstract

The main limiting factors of the botanical composition of the communities of the Caspian region are the modes of humidification and salinization. In this regard, the vegetation cover is characterized by poor floral and phytocenotic diversity and simple structure. This is also due to the youth of the territory, periodic transgressions and regressions of the Caspian Sea and the constant influence of the sea's overgrowth phenomena. The distinctive features of the floral spectrum are the dominant position of the family of Mares (about 20% of the total number of species) and the high position of the family of Rdestovye (7th place, 3%). This indicates a significant salinity of land habitats and an increased role of aquatic phytocenoses. The species richness, the structure of phytobiota are important indicators of the state of the environment, the degree of anthropogenic disturbance and pollution. Assessment of the degree of vegetation degradation is carried out on a 5-point scale: very strong, strong, medium, weak degree of disturbance, background condition.To monitor the flora and vegetation in the laid sites, observations of their condition were carried out.