Abstract
Abstract Capparaceae is a pantropical family of Angiosperm with about 40 to 45 genera and 700 to 900 species, which presents a wide morphological variation in flowers and fruits. There are 12 genera and 30 species of the family in Brazil, a half of it occurring in the Atlantic Forest. Here we study the species of Capparaceae occurring in Espírito Santo, with the objective of expanding the knowledge about the richness of this family in Atlantic Forest. The study was based on the analysis on herbaria collections, as well as samples collected during field collections. Capparaceae in Espírito Santo state is represented by the genera Capparidastrum (1 sp.), Crateva (1 sp.), Cynophalla (2 spp.), Mesocapparis (1 sp.), Monilicarpa (1 sp.) and Neocalyptrocalyx (2 spp.). Cynophalla grandiflora is first described here. Capparaceae is commonly found at a maximum altitude of 600 m in Espírito Santo, predominantly in “tabuleiros costeiros” and coastal plains, without records in mountainous regions. Morphological characteristics of such as habitat, pubescence, tertiary veins, nectaries on leaf axils and type of fruit, are fundamental for the delimitation of the species.
Highlights
The family Capparaceae has a wide morphological diversity, mainly observed in the flower and fruit (Mabberley 1997)
Taxonomic treatment The work was developed based on the analysis of collections deposited in herbaria and fieldwork
Morphological analyses were made on exsiccates from the herbaria CAP, CVRD, MBML, Ribeiro et al 1226 (RB), SAMES, and VIES, which have the best botanical collections for Espírito Santo
Summary
The family Capparaceae has a wide morphological diversity, mainly observed in the flower and fruit (Mabberley 1997). Neotropical species, in particular, have undergone several reorganizations as to their taxonomic position, mainly in the genus Capparis sensu lato, which currently does not occur in the Neotropics This reorganization and novel taxonomic information have led to the description of new species and genera (Iltis & Cornejo 2007; Cornejo & Iltis 2008a, b, c, 2009a, b, 2010; Cornejo et al 2014, 2020; Cornejo 2020; Cornejo & Vargas 2020; Mercado-Gómez & Morales-Puentes 2020), substantially increasing the richness and diversity of Capparaceae in the neotropical region to genera and 110 species (Cornejo & Iltis 2010, 2012). The present work expands the knowledge about the richness of the family through the description of Cynophalla grandiflora Luber, a new species to science
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