Abstract

The transfer of information between quantum systems is essential for quantum communication and computation. In quantum computers, high connectivity between qubits can improve the efficiency of algorithms, assist in error correction, and enable high-fidelity readout. However, as with all quantum gates, operations to transfer information between qubits can suffer from errors associated with spurious interactions and disorder between qubits, among other things. Here, we harness interactions and disorder between qubits to improve a swap operation for spin eigenstates in semiconductor gate-defined quantum-dot spins. We use a system of four electron spins, which we configure as two exchange-coupled singlet–triplet qubits. Our approach, which relies on the physics underlying discrete time crystals, enhances the quality factor of spin-eigenstate swaps by up to an order of magnitude. Our results show how interactions and disorder in multi-qubit systems can stabilize non-trivial quantum operations and suggest potential uses for non-equilibrium quantum phenomena, like time crystals, in quantum information processing applications. Our results also confirm the long-predicted emergence of effective Ising interactions between exchange-coupled singlet–triplet qubits.

Highlights

  • The transfer of information between quantum systems is essential for quantum communication and computation

  • As quantum information processors continue to scale-up in size and complexity, new challenges come to light

  • Our experiments indicate the necessity of two essential ingredients for realizing the Floquet-enhanced π pulses: (1) an effective Ising interaction, and (2) global π pulses

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Summary

Introduction

The transfer of information between quantum systems is essential for quantum communication and computation. Developments in nonequilibrium many-body physics have yielded insights into many-qubit phenomena, which feature, in some sense, improved performance of many-body quantum systems when disorder and interactions are included. Chief among these phenomena are many-body localization[3] and time crystals[4,5,6,7,8]. We find that the required experimental conditions for observing the quality-factor enhancement are identical to some of the theoretical conditions for the DTC phase in infinite spin chains These observations suggest the Floquet-enhanced spin-eigenstate swaps in our device are closely related to discrete time-translation symmetry breaking

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