Abstract
During flooding, the suspended sediment transport usually experiences a wide-range of dilute to hyper-concentrated suspended sediment transport depending on the local flow and ground conditions. This paper assesses the distribution of sediment for a variety of hyper-concentrated and dilute flows. Due to the differences between hyper-concentrated and dilute flows, a linear-power coupled model is proposed to integrate these considerations. A parameterised method combining the sediment size, Rouse number, mean concentration, and flow depth parameters has been used for modelling the sediment profile. The accuracy of the proposed model has been verified against the reported laboratory measurements and comparison with other published analytical methods. The proposed method has been shown to effectively compute the concentration profile for a wide range of suspended sediment conditions from hyper-concentrated to dilute flows. Detailed comparisons reveal that the proposed model calculates the dilute profile with good correspondence to the measured data and other modelling results from literature. For the hyper-concentrated profile, a clear division of lower (bed-load) to upper layer (suspended-load) transport can be observed in the measured data. Using the proposed model, the transitional point from this lower to upper layer transport can be calculated precisely.
Highlights
Sediment transport is a common phenomenon during flooding
The flow parameters to be investigated are Rouse number P, size parameter Sz, and mean concentration c. This kind of formulation using the parameterised expressions to improve the suspended sediment transport modelling has so far not been explored in other studies, this investigation is crucially needed to study the performance of such modelling
Many studies have investigated the relevant parameters for considering a concentration profile, including the Rouse number (defined in Equation (6)), particle size, mean concentration, and flow depth [6,27,30,31]
Summary
Sediment transport is a common phenomenon during flooding. When sufficient lift force on sediment particles exists to overcome the frictional grips in between them, flow turbulence especially in the upward direction will generate sediment suspension [1,2]. Some models [6,7,8] resolve these complexities by neglecting turbulence and forces acting on the sediment particle surfaces, such as the effects of turbulent diffusion in laminar uniform flow or particle–particle collisions within dilute flows. This diffusion theory-based calculation gave reasonable and efficient prediction of the suspended solid behaviour and has subsequently been utilised as the basis for many further studies. Another commonly used mathematical concept is that of kinetic theory. Various tests have been conducted to validate the proposed model with published experimental data to assess the model’s accuracy
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