Abstract
The paper considers the flooding factors of urbanized territories on the Sakhalin island in the typhoons and deep cyclones evens. According to observations of the hydrological regime, floods caused by melting snow usually capture only a small part of the territory of the urban district. In the summer-autumn period, the formation of floods is associated with a large amount of precipitation during the passage of deep cyclones and typhoons over the Sakhalin island territory. Measures are proposed to reduce flooding risks at the town planning documentation development stage.
Highlights
The Sakhalin Region is one of the most dangerous regions of Russia from the floods threat point of view and the associated channel processes activation for the population and the economy
There are over 60 thousand rivers and streams on the Sakhalin island territory [Atlas of the Sakhalin Region]
Most of the Sakhalin island rivers are classified as torrent and semi-torrent
Summary
The Sakhalin Region is one of the most dangerous regions of Russia from the floods threat point of view and the associated channel processes activation for the population and the economy. The river basin areas are often 1-15 km, the watercourses length is 3-10 km; weighted average channel inclination - 40-60 ‰; the maximum slope is more than 100 ‰, the small rivers catchments slopes can reach 500 ‰. The Sakhalin island characteristic rivers basin areas are in range from 15 to 600 km, the average basin areas slopes are 300-500 ‰, which provides a rapid moisture runoff during snowmelt and, especially, in heavy rainfall during the summer-autumn period. During the rain floods passage, the channels width increases to 50-100 m, and the current speed - up to 3-4 m/s, the high waters level can rise above 4-6 m. Large catchment areas are deforested as a result of forest fires and intensive felling. All this causes the lateral and deep erosion processes development on the Sakhalin rivers. The average floods duration on rivers with areas less than 1000 km is 6-15 days, on larger ones - 15-18 days [1,2,3,4]
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