FLOOD DAMAGE MITIGATION AND RESILIENCE IN BANGLADESH PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

The northeastern part of Bangladesh is facing more diverse problems such as more frequent and severe floods, sea level rise, saltiness water, and loss of biodiversity due to poor management of flooding systems. This article investigates that about 55% ,60% & 50% area was sequentially inundated in A.D. 1988, A.D. 1998 and A.D.2007. These 3 floods were historically more horrible than any other catastrophic flood. In A.D. 2007 flooding made 9 million people homeless and roughly 1000 people died. However, due to institutional limitations, mismanagement and social conflicts, applications of the flood mitigation plan and water management approaches were not implemented. With every major flood in Bangladesh, water security and poverty situations are adversely affected. Heavy monsoon rain and water from upstream sources have triggered drainage levels occasionally considered the main causes of flood in Bangladesh. But this article explores that the main causes of flood of Bangladesh are lack of river beds mining, lack of stabilizing trees, dam, and lack of bank revetment both sides of the river. According to the field data, in Bangladesh there are only 35% of flood protected zone. On the contrary, there are 52% of flood unprotected area. This article analyzed flood hazard in Bangladesh and try to make nature-based solutions for mitigating this vulnerability.