Abstract
This study investigated the flocculation of Microcystis aeruginosa by steel slag and evaluated the safety of treated water. The results showed that algal cells at a steel slag dosage of 0.48 g L−1 were effectively removed from two diluted algal solutions when their algogenic organic matter (AOM) contents were 3.54 and 5.81 mg L−1 (referred to as S1 and S2) with algae removal rates of 93.8 and 92.6 %, respectively. Simultaneously, the concentrations of AOM were reduced in S1 and S2 with removal efficiencies of 72.6 and 70.2 %, respectively. Charge neutralisation and bridging were probably the mechanisms that accelerated the flocculation processes. However, AOM had a priority over the algae in the reaction with the steel slag by producing protein complexation, which adversely affected coagulation and increased coagulant demand. Increased K+ and AOM after flocculation indicated that cell damage occurred at a retention time of 36 h. However, acute toxicity test demonstrated that the inhibition rate did not significantly increase until the retention time reached 48 h. Overall, steel slag has a great potential as a low-cost alternative to control algal bloom and restore aquatic ecosystems.
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