Flexible cotton-AuNP thread electrode for non-enzymatic sensor of uric acid in urine

Kanyapat Teekayupak,Nipapan Ruecha,Orawon Chailapakul,Nadnudda Rodthongkum

doi:10.1007/s10570-021-04169-y

Abstract

We report on the development of an electrochemical sensor platform based on modified cotton fibers for the non-enzymatic detection of uric acid (UA), an important biomarker for gout disease. To create the flexible electrode, a cotton thread was coated with carbon ink as a pre-conductive layer prior to direct electrodeposition of AuNPs. Then, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to evaluate the sensor performances, and a linear detection range between 10 µM and 5.0 mM of uric acid was obtained. The sensor has a detection limit of 0.12 µM, which is sufficient for use in the patients suffering from gout disease which uric acid is higher than 4.46 mM. Furthermore, we found that the detection sensitivity of the platform was not affected by the presence of other physiological compounds present in human urine. The described platform has the potential for integration in a diaper hence enabling rapid detection and screening for gout disease.Graphic abstract

Highlights

Non-invasive diagnosis allows for the direct detection of target biomarkers from body fluids without the common pain and infection risk associated with blood-based protocols (Li et al 2019; Michelena et al 2019; Eftekhari et al 2019; Doménech-Carbó et al 2018)
We report on the development of an electrochemical sensor platform based on modified cotton fibers for the non-enzymatic detection of uric acid (UA), an important biomarker for gout disease
The normal concentration of uric acid in human urine varies between 1.4−4.46 mM and values higher than 4.46 mM are used for gout disease diagnosis (Azmi et al 2015; Liu et al 2019; Yang et al 2018)

Summary

Introduction

Non-invasive diagnosis allows for the direct detection of target biomarkers from body fluids without the common pain and infection risk associated with blood-based protocols (Li et al 2019; Michelena et al 2019; Eftekhari et al 2019; Doménech-Carbó et al 2018). Among textile-based sensors, fabric platforms usually require of a high volume of biofluid sample, while yarns and threads require of low sample volumes and offer unique microfluidic properties (Ahmed et al 2019; Reches et al 2010; Oliveira et al 2019; Liu et al 2018; Polanský et al 2017; Weng et al 2019). Uric acid (UA), chemically designated as 2, 6, 8-tryhydroxypurine, is a major product of the catabolism of purine nucleosides, adenosine and guanosine. The normal concentration of uric acid in human urine varies between 1.4−4.46 mM and values higher than 4.46 mM are used for gout disease diagnosis (Azmi et al 2015; Liu et al 2019; Yang et al 2018)

Methods

Results

Conclusion