Flaxseed Oil Supplementation Augments Antioxidant Capacity and Alleviates Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Vali Musazadeh,Jaber Jafarzadeh,Meysam Zarezadeh,Alireza Ostadrahimi,Mahshid Ahmadi,Zohreh Farrokhian,Majid Keramati,Sandrina A Heleno

doi:10.1155/2021/4438613

Abstract

Objective Studies have reported controversial findings regarding the flaxseed oil effect on antioxidant status biomarkers. The present meta-analysis aimed to determine the impact of flaxseed oil on the serum level of biomarkers of oxidative stress. Methods A systematic search was conducted up to November 2020 on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Library. Random-effects model was employed to perform meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was carried out to determine the effect across different ranges of dosages and durations. Results Eight trials were included with a total sample size of 429 individuals with a mean age range of 25 to 70 years. The results indicated that flaxseed oil supplementation led to a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (SMD: −0.52 μmol/L; 95% CI: −0.89, −0.15; P=0.006, I2 = 71.3, P < 0.001) and increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (WMD: 82.84 mmol/L; 95% CI: 19.80, 145.87; P=0.006, I2 = 92.7, P < 0.001). No significant effect was observed on glutathione (GSH). Conclusion Our findings revealed that flaxseed oil supplementation might play a beneficial role in the reinforcement of the antioxidant defense system and amelioration of oxidative stress in adults.

Highlights

Oxidative stress (OS) is an imperfection in the balance between reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and the total antioxidant capacity of organisms [1]
total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and GSH are the markers of the antioxidant defense system [7]. e TAC consists of several enzymes and biomolecules (such as GSH, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT)) that, individually or in combination with each other, play a role in modulating redox reactions [8]
Flaxseed oil alone or plus with omega-3 fatty acids extracted from flaxseed oil cosupplementation was used as a treatment in the RCTs included. e duration of the intervention varied from 4 weeks to 12 weeks among studies

Summary

Introduction

Oxidative stress (OS) is an imperfection in the balance between reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and the total antioxidant capacity of organisms [1]. Different markers have been used in studies to evaluate this balance between ROS/RNS production and antioxidant system function such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH). TAC and GSH are the markers of the antioxidant defense system [7]. Glutathione, as a part of TAC, is a cysteine-containing peptide involving in the antioxidant system via oxidation and reduction in the thiol domain [9]. Previous data have revealed that flaxseed oil might have antioxidant properties and ameliorate oxidative stress [11]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion