Flavan-3-ol, a tabulated flavanol from date seeds, de-glycated proteins by trapping its glycoxidation sites, di-carbonyls, and [rad]OH-radicals in BSA-Fenton liquid models

Abstract

We aimed at tabulating and characterizing a flavan-3-ol isolated from date seeds into date seed pills (DSP) as a commercial healthcare pill, and deeply studying their anti-glycoxidation impacts on bovine serum albumin using multi-dimensional approaches SDS-PAGE/NBT, UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS, antiradical via Fenton-type reaction, multispectral, and molecular docking. Results showed that DSP were successfully tabulated (an encapsulation efficiency of 98.78 %) with high antioxidant values via noncovalently binding with whey proteins supported by FTIR and lib-dock results. DSP dose-dependently decayed fluorescent-AGEs by 16.77, 5.32, and 37.41 % in DSP500-BSA-G/MGO/GO models, respectively, later confirmed by SDS-PAGE and initial precursors mitigation results. The docking results confirmed that DSP could bind with glycoxidation sites of BSA-subunits, namely Lys431, Arg458, and Arg196 via H-bonds. DSP trapped both di-carbonyls and reduced CML-level, where new adducts such as epicatechin-mono/MGO-GO, were identified. 500 µg mL−1 DSP reduced OH-induced fluorescence intensity of AGEs by 43.32 % in BSA-G/Fe2+/H2O2. Our results open a new direction for upcycling by-products as effective glycoxidation inhibitors in a type of healthcare pills in protein-rich models.