Abstract
This work aims to improve the flame retardancy of jute fabric. Raw and bleached plain weave jute fabric was used in this work. Flame retardants borax, diammonium phosphate and thiourea were applied in different concentrations in a raw and bleached jute fabric with the padding method. The influences of flame retardant finishing on the vertical flammability behaviour and tensile properties as well as wash resistance were inves¬tigated. Flame spread time was found to significantly increase when these simple flame retardant finishing agents were used. It was found that the borax-treated raw and bleached specimens exhibited higher flame spread time among all. The assessment of physical properties such as weight gain percentage and breaking load along warp and weft direction of the control and treated fabrics revealed that the increase of flame retardant finishing weight gain caused a decrease in breaking load. Furthermore, the specimens treated with borax and diammonium phosphate flame retardant showed better results than thiourea for flame retardancy and wash durability. These flame retardant jute fabrics have industrial protective textile applications as brattice cloth in mines and many other potential fields of application, e.g. flame retardant kitchen apron, furnishings for public hall, theatre and hospital, etc.
Highlights
Jute is a lignocellulosic fibre with a different percentage of hemicellulose (22–24%), α-cellulose (58–60%) and lignin (12–14%) as the key constituents with other elements as well [1]
The sample order of weight gain was RB4 > RB3 > RB2 > RB1 after being treated with borax in a different amount of chemical loading, RD4 > RD3 > RD2 > RD1 for the samples treated with Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and RU4 > RU3 > RU2 > RU1 for the samples treated with thiourea
Regarding the bleached jute fabrics, the weight gain of samples followed in the order BB1 < BB2 < BB3 < BB4 after being treated with borax in a different amount of chemical loading, BD1 < BD2 < BD3 < BD4 for the samples treated with DAP and BU1 < BU2 < BU3 < BU4 for the samples treated with thiourea
Summary
Jute is a lignocellulosic fibre with a different percentage of hemicellulose (22–24%), α-cellulose (58–60%) and lignin (12–14%) as the key constituents with other elements as well [1]. Despite jute being one of the most important biodegradable, eco-friendly, anti-statistic and annually renewable agro products, it is nowadays facing tough competition with synthetic fibres both home and abroad. Jute can be defined as an eco-friendly natural fibre with multipurpose application prospects ranging from low value geotextiles to high value products, e.g. fancy bags, carpets, home furnishings, composites, papers, particle boards, car components, fashion accessories and gift articles [6]. Jute is the second most important bast fibre after cotton. It ignites and is frequently involved in fire. Jute cellulose undergoes decomposition upon ignition, forming highly explosive volatile compounds, mainly laevoglucose with the spread of fire causing injuries and fatalities a) b)
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