Five Valid Species of Cardinalfishes of the Genus Apogon (Apogonidae) in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with a Redescription of A. atricaudus and Notes on the Distribution of A. atricaudus and A. atradorsatus

Abstract

For more than 100 years, biologists, ecologists, and biogeographers recognized six species of Apogon in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Re-examining this taxonomy, we find that Apogon guadalupensis is a synonym of A. atricaudus based on morphological and molecular data. A redescription of A. atricaudus is provided, and a new northern occurrence for A. atradorsatus is reported.