Abstract
Two new species of the nudibranch genus Dendronotus, Dendronotus arcticus sp. n. and Dendronotus robilliardi sp. n., are described from the Arctic and North Pacific oceans respectively, based on morphological and molecular data, and the North Pacific Dendronotus albus is revealed to be a species complex. The species Dendronotus robilliardi sp. n. is described from the northwestern Pacific (Kamchatka) differing from the northeastern Pacific Dendronotus albus by molecular and morphological data. The synonymy of Dendronotus diversicolor with Dendronotus albus is confirmed by analysis of their original descriptions. An endemic Arctic species Dendronotus arcticus sp. n. is also described here, differing substantially from all species of the genus Dendronotus using morphological and molecular data. An unusual record of the recently described Dendronotus kamchaticus Ekimova, Korshunova, Schepetov, Neretina, Sanamyan, Martynov, 2015 is also presented, the first from the northeastern Pacific, geographically separated from the type locality of this species in the northwestern Pacific by a distance ca. 6000 km; molecular data show them to belong to the same species.
Highlights
The species of the genus Dendronotus are common marine invertebrates of the shallow waters in the northern hemisphere
Based on morphological features and the application of allozyme electrophoresis he showed the valid status of D. lacteus (Thompson, 1840), which had been omitted from faunal lists for more than one century (e.g. Odhner 1907, Thompson and Brown 1984, Roginskaya 1987)
The topology of the tree obtained by Maximum likelihood (ML) was the same as the one inferred by Bayesian inference (BI)
Summary
The species of the genus Dendronotus are common marine invertebrates of the shallow waters in the northern hemisphere. The validity of D. lacteus was confirmed in a first molecular phylogenetic study of the genus Dendronotus based on the 16S gene They found that one more traditional synonym of D. frondosus was a valid taxon, D. venustus MacFarland, 1966 from the northeastern Pacific. It was originally described by Frank Mace MacFarland in his famous volume on the North American opisthobranchs (MacFarland 1966)
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