Five new heterocyclic disazo dyes derived from the 4-position: Synthesis, characterisation, and acute toxicity evaluation

Abstract

In the present work, five novel heterocyclic disazo dyes (AA3a−AA3e) were synthesised. The characteristic properties of these synthesised dyes were examined, and their elemental analysis values were calculated. The dyes were characterised by the FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The impacts of several solvents on the absorption abilities of the synthesised compounds were analysed by a UV-vis spectrophotometer. Also, the absorption properties and tautomeric changes of the dyestuffs in the existence of inorganic acids and bases were investigated. Apart from these analyses and examinations, given the possibility of their release into the environment especially during their potential subsequent applications, the acute toxicity of each synthesised dyes to Gammarus roeseli (Crustacea: Amphipoda) was tested in the study. The current study is of great importance in the sense that it gives precious information on the acute toxicity levels of the dyestuffs AA3a−AA3e as well as their synthesis and spectral properties.