Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxicity of extracts and fractions of barks of Blepharocalyx salicifolius on elongation of etiolated coleoptiles of Triticum aestivum (wheat). The extracts hexane (Hx), ethyl acetate (AcOET), and aqueous (H2O) were obtained by means of exhaustive extraction with CH2Cl2/CH3OH and subsequent fractionation by partition chromatography coefficient. The extracts AcOET and Hx were fractionated by column chromatography by using organic solvents in increasing order of polarity yielding 7 hexanic fractions and 6 ethylic acetate fractions. Subsequently, the fractions Hx1 and Hx5 were subfractionated by column chromatography. The extracts AcOET and Hx inhibited elongation of coleoptiles. Four ethylic acetate fractions inhibited elongation of coleoptiles at all concentrations. Five hexanic fractions inhibited elongation of coleoptiles, the fractions Hx5 and Hx1 fractions showed phytotoxic effects equivalent or superior to those observed by the herbicide GOAL® at the same concentrations. All subfractions obtained by means of fractionation of Hx1 inhibited elongation of coleoptiles. Six fractions obtained by means of fractionation of Hx5 inhibited elongation of coleoptiles at all concentrations. This study proves the phytotoxicity of extracts of barks of B. salicifolius, providing indications that they may act as promising natural herbicides.
Highlights
Phytotoxicity and biodirected fractionation of extracts of barks of Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O.Berg. (Myrtaceae)
The fractions Hx1 and Hx5 were subfractionated by column chromatography
Five hexanic fractions inhibited elongation of coleoptiles, the fractions Hx5 and Hx1 fractions showed phytotoxic effects equivalent or superior to those observed by the herbicide GOAL® at the same concentrations
Summary
Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a itotoxicidade de extratos e frações de cascas de Blepharocalyx salicifolius sobre o alongamento de coleóptilos estiolados de Triticum aestivum (trigo). Os extratos AcOET e Hx foram fracionados por cromatograia em coluna com a utilização de solventes orgânicos em ordem crescente de polaridade, originando sete frações hexânicas e seis frações acetato etílicas. Quatro frações acetato etílicas inibiram o alongamento dos coleóptilos em todas as concentrações. Cinco frações hexânicas inibiram o alongamento dos coleóptilos, as frações Hx1 e Hx5 apresentaram efeitos itotóxicos equivalentes ou superiores aos observados pelo herbicida GOAL® nas mesmas concentrações. Todas as subfrações obtidas por meio do fracionamento da Hx1 inibiram o alongamento dos coleóptilos. Seis frações obtidas por meio do fracionamento da Hx5 inibiram o alongamento dos coleóptilos em todas as concentrações.
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