Abstract
High-resolution magnetic-torque studies on an untwinned ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ single crystal near its critical temperature ${T}_{c}$ reveal that the first-order vortex-lattice melting transition (VLMT) persists at least up to 0.5 K below ${T}_{c}$. The associated sharp discontinuity in magnetization is detectable even at temperatures where the torque signal deviates from mean-field behavior due to fluctuations. The magnetic irreversibility at the VLMT can be suppressed by applying a weak transverse ac magnetic field. This offers the possibility of separating the irreversibility line from the melting line near ${T}_{c}$.
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