Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a major cause of lethal side effects associated with transfusion of blood and blood components. TRALI is defined as a new acutenoncardiogenic pulmonary oedema as seen on the frontal radiography of lungs, manifested with the shortness of breath, hypoxemia, hypotension and fever, all occurring duringor within 6 h after transfusion.TRALI is rarely diagnosed and can be confused with other causes of acute respiratoryfailure. It occurs at the ratio of 1 in 1,120 to 1 in 5,000 transfusions of blood or bloodcomponents. The fatal incidence is 5 % to 25 % according to USA statistics. The data forSlovenia are not available as this is the first case reported ever.Case This article analyses a case of a female patient who had a hip replacement surgery, wastransfused with erythrocyte components, which was followed by TRALI. Radiographs andlaboratory analysis are presented. CONCLUSIONS The recognition of symptoms of TRALI on the part of clinicians could be crucial in preventing and treating this severe complication of blood transfusion
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